A Southern Tradition

The corner of a historic department store called Neilson's, established in 1839, with a white facade, large windows displaying clothing, and American flags flying on top, under a pink and blue evening sky.

A Southern Shopping Tradition Since 1839

For nearly two centuries, Neilson’s Department Store has been part of the fabric of Oxford Mississippi.

What began as a small general store on the Courthouse Square has grown into one of the oldest continuously operating retail businesses in the South.

Today, Neilson’s remains a destination for timeless style, thoughtful gifts, and the personal service that has defined the store for generations.

Black and white portrait of the original owner of Neilson's.

Tested by History

Surviving the Civil War

During the Civil War, Oxford was occupied by Union troops, and in 1864 much of the Square was burned.

Neilson’s was destroyed in the fire.

Because William Smith Neilson had converted his savings to gold and buried it for safekeeping, he was able to rebuild. The store reopened in 1866, and business has continued without interruption ever since.

Few businesses in America can tell a story of such resilience.

Early photograph of Nielsen's Department Store in Oxford, Mississippi

Pioneer Days

Where It All Began

In 1838, William Smith Neilson left East Tennessee and traveled by ox-wagon to the newly established town of Oxford, Mississippi. He opened a small log cabin store on the north side of the Square, stocking everything pioneer families might need, from groceries and hardware to medicines and even coffins.

From the beginning, Neilson’s was more than a store. It was a trusted part of everyday life in a growing community.

A New Century

Illustration of the J. E. Neilson Department Store facade, established in 1839, with decorative architectural details, display windows, and flags on the roof, including the American and Confederate flags.

Building a Southern Institution

In 1897, Joseph Edwin Neilson constructed the building that still forms the heart of the current store.

He transformed Neilson’s into a modern department store, organizing merchandise into dedicated departments and focusing on clothing and related goods.

His philosophy was simple and enduring:

Quality. Style. Dependable Service.

That commitment helped establish Neilson’s as a respected shopping destination throughout the Mid-South.

Through Good Times and Hard Times

Vintage photograph from the history of Nielsen's Department Store.

Serving the Community

During the Great Depression, Neilson’s supported local families by honoring IOUs, extending credit, and helping university and school employees when state-issued paychecks were delayed.

The store has always been rooted in community, not just commerce.

The Lewis Family Legacy

Nielsen's Department Store through the years in Oxford, Mississippi

Continuing the Tradition

In 1964, ownership transitioned to the Lewis family.

Under their leadership, the store continued to evolve while preserving the values that made it successful.

In 2015, Neilson’s underwent a complete renovation, blending historic character with a fresh shopping experience.

Today, William Lewis, Jr. and his daughter, Amanda Lewis Hyneman, oversee daily operations and continue the family tradition.

More Than a Store

A vintage black-and-white photograph of a clothing store display featuring jackets and coats hanging on a wall-mounted rack, with people shopping and browsing in the background.

A Cornerstone of the Oxford Square

For generations, Neilson’s has been a place where:

  • Families shop for special occasions

  • Students prepare for game day

  • Visitors discover the charm of Oxford

  • Friendships are made and renewed

It is a store where customers are greeted by name and invited to stay a while.

The South’s Oldest Store

Neilson’s proudly celebrated 185 years in business in 2024.

The store is recognized as:

  • The South’s Oldest Store

  • One of the ten oldest retail businesses in the United States

  • A historic landmark on the National Register of Historic Places

Daily business records dating from 1892 to 2010 are preserved in the University of Mississippi Special Collections.


How Do You Pronounce Neilson’s?

Locals often say “Nelson’s,” while members of the founding family pronounce it “Neel-son’s.”

At Neilson’s, both are welcome.

Today and Tomorrow

Though fashions change, Neilson’s continues to offer what has always set it apart: carefully curated merchandise, exceptional service, and a warm welcome on the Square.

The store remains committed to earning the trust and goodwill of every customer who walks through its doors.


Ownership Timeline

William Smith Neilson 1839–1892

Joseph Edwin Neilson 1892–1936

David Glenn Neilson 1914–1964

Herman Glenn 1914–1954

William Lewis, Sr. 1930–1989

David Glenn Neilson, Jr. 1936–1960

Olivia Lewis Nabors 1964–2001

William Lewis, Jr. 1964–Present

Goodloe Tankersley Lewis 2001–Present

Lydia Lewis Myers 2001–Present

Amanda Lewis Hyneman 2001–Present

Source Note:

This history is adapted from a written account by William Lewis, Sr. (1989), updated by Amanda Lewis Hyneman (2022).